Bankruptcy Law and Practice

third Edition

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Bankruptcy Law and Practice

Name: Bankruptcy Law and Practice
Author: Gregory Germain

by Gregory Germain

Preview Book

This book is intended for a three credit law school course covering the fundamentals of bankruptcy law and practice. Students should recognize that this is a “Code” class, and that the starting place for solving most bankruptcy problems is the Bankruptcy Code itself. Students should read the materials and work through the problems by direct reference to the provisions of the Bankruptcy Code. Bankruptcy lawyers simply must be comfortable with the Code in order to be effective.

The book contains many cases interpreting the Bankruptcy Code Read more >

. The cases have been stripped to the essentials to minimize reading. Most cross-citations have been deleted. Issues discussed in the cases that are not relevant to the point for which the case is included in the materials have been stricken. Bolding has been added to important language the students should focus on. The practitioner, of course, should always read full cases and not rely on the edited versions in this book or on headnotes or other secondary sources. This book contains the bones of the case, with flesh left only where essential to understanding the court’s reasoning on the particular issue of relevance to the material in the book.

Much of the learning will come through working with the problems. Many students have developed the bad practice of reading the questions without trying to solve them. Don’t do that. You need to try to solve the problems by reading and working through the statute. The best way to learn and be comfortable with using the statutory language is to work through the statute to solve the problems.

Some of the problems contain case references. I do not expect my students to read the cases that are merely cited in the problems, and not reprinted in the book. I discuss some of these cases with the class when covering the problems. Students interested in the problems are always free to read the cases for greater understanding, as time permits.

Gregory Germain, Bankruptcy Law and Practice, Published by CALI eLangdell Press. Copyright CALI 2016. Available under a Creative Commons BY-NC-SA 4.0 License. CALI® and eLangdell® are United States federally registered trademarks owned by the Center for Computer-Assisted Legal Instruction. The cover art design is a copyrighted work of CALI, all rights reserved. The CALI graphical logo is a trademark and may not be used without permission. Should you create derivative works based on the text of this book or other Creative Commons materials therein, you may not use this book’s cover art and the aforementioned logos, or any derivative thereof, to imply endorsement or otherwise without written permission from CALI.

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About the Author(s)

Gregory Germain is a professor at Syracuse University College of Law where he teaches courses in Contracts, Commercial Transactions, Corporations, Taxation and of course Bankruptcy Law. He also runs a pro bono bankruptcy program for first year law students, and a bankruptcy clinic for upper division students. The clinic represents indigent individuals in bankruptcy cases.

Professor Germain received his JD Degree Magna Cum Laude from the University of California Hastings College of Law, practiced law for 15 years in Los Angeles and San Francisco, and then obtained his LLM in Tax from the University of Florida. Following tax school, he worked as an attorney advisor for the Honorable Renato Beghe of the United States Tax Court before beginning his teaching career at Syracuse University College of Law.

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Table of Contents

Bankruptcy Law and Practice

About the Author

Notices

About CALI eLangdell Press

Forward

Chapter One A World without Bankruptcy

1.1 - A Wee Bit of History

1.2 - Enforcing Claims

1.3 - The Self-Help System for Collecting Unsecured Claims

1.4 - Practice Problems: Fair Debt Collection Practices Act (FDCPA)

1.4.1 - 1.4.1.1. HENSON V. SANTANDER CONSUMER USA INC., 582 U.S. (June 12, 2017)

1.5 - The Judicial System for Collecting Unsecured Claims: Obtaining and Enforcing a Judgment

1.6 - Provisional Remedies

1.7 - CASES: The Sheriff’s Duty to Enforce Writs

1.7.1 - DAVID J. VITALE v. HOTEL CALIFORNIA, INC., 184 N.J. Super 512, 446 A.2d 880 (1982)

1.8 - Property Garnishments

1.9 - Wage Garnishments

1.10 - State Wage Garnishment Exemptions

1.11 - Exceptions to Wage Garnishment Limits

1.12 - Practice Problems: Calculating Wage Garnishment Limits

1.13 - State Law Execution Exemptions

1.14 - Practice Problems: Enforcement of Judgments

1.15 - Other Federal and State Exemptions

1.16 - Federal Tax Collection

1.17 - State Law Avoiding Powers

1.18 - Practice Problems: Fraudulent Transfers

1.19 - The Race to the Courthouse and the Concept of Bankruptcy

Chapter Two Secured Claims

2.1 - Liens and Priority

2.2 - Attachment of Consensual Liens

2.3 - Attachment of Consensual Liens on Real Property

2.4 - Attachment of Consensual Liens on Personal Property

2.5 - Attachment of Judicial Liens

2.6 - Attachment of Statutory Liens

2.7 - The Concept of Perfecting Liens

2.8 - Perfection of Consensual Personal Property Liens

2.9 - Priority of Consensual Liens

2.10 - Practice Problems: UCC Article 9

2.11 - Purchase Money Security Interests

2.12 - Practice Problems: Purchase Money Security Interests

2.13 - Perfection and Priority of Real Property Liens

2.14 - Practice Problems: Real Estate Priority

2.15 - Foreclosing the Right of Redemption

2.16 - Cases on Enforcement of Liens

2.16.1 - CHAPA v. TRACIERS & ASSOCIATES, 267 S.W.3d 386 (Ct. App. Tex. 2008)

2.16.2 - JORDAN v. CITIZENS & SOUTHERN NAT’L BANK OF SOUTH CAROLINA, 278 S.C. 449 (1982)

2.16.3 - CHERNO v. BANK OF BABYLON, 54 Misc.2d 277 (NY 1967)

2.16.4 - BIG THREE MOTORS, INC., v. RUTHERFORD, 432 So.2d 483 (Ala. 1983)

2.16.5 - WALTER KOUBA v. EAST JOLIET BANK, 135 Ill. App. 3d 264 (1985)

2.17 - Practice Problems: Enforcement of Liens and Claims

Chapter Three The Bankruptcy System

3.1 - Purposes of Bankruptcy

3.2 - Structure of the Bankruptcy Code

3.3 - Jurisdiction and Venue of Bankruptcy Cases

3.4 - Cases on the Constitutional Limits of Bankruptcy Jurisdiction

3.4.1 - NORTHERN PIPELINE CO. v. MARATHON PIPE LINE CO., 458 U.S. 50 (1982)

3.5 - The Aftermath of Northern Pipeline

3.6 - Cases on the Constitutional Limits of Bankruptcy Jurisdiction after Marathon

3.6.1 - STERN v. MARSHALL, 564 U.S. 2, 131 S. Ct. 2594 (2011)

3.6.2 - WELLNESS INT'L NETWORK, LTD., v. SHARF, 135 S. Ct. 1932 (2015)

3.7 - Practice Problems: Bankruptcy Court Jurisdiction

3.8 - Venue of Bankruptcy Cases

3.9 - Cases on Bankruptcy Venue

3.9.1 - IN RE ENRON CORP., 274 B.R. 327 (2002)

3.10 - Practice Problems: Filing Voluntary Petitions

3.11 - Voluntary Bankruptcy Petitions

3.12 - Involuntary Bankruptcy Petitions

3.13 - Practice Problems – Involuntary Petitions

3.14 - Dismissal of Properly Filed Bankruptcy Petitions for “Cause.”

3.15 - Bad Faith Dismissals after the 2005 Amendments

3.16 - Dismissal of Cases Properly Filed under Other Chapters

3.17 - Cases on Bad Faith Dismissals

3.17.1 - IN RE JOHNS-MANVILLE CORP., 36 B.R. 727 (Bankr. S.D.N.Y. 1984)

3.17.2 - IN RE SGL CARBON, 200 F.3d 154 (3d Cir. 1999)

3.18 - Voluntary and Involuntary Conversion and Dismissal

3.19 - Dismissal of Consumer Chapter 7 Cases for “Abuse” – The Means Test

3.20 - Practice Problems: Dismissal for Abuse – The Means Test, Part One

3.21 - Dismissal for “Abuse” - The Means Test, Part Two

3.22 - Rebutting the Presumption of Abuse under the Means Test

3.23 - Attorney Sanctions for Means Test Violations

3.24 - Eligibility after Prior Bankruptcy Cases

Chapter Four The Bankruptcy Estate

4.1 - The Estate

4.2 - Cases on Property of the Estate

4.2.1 - BOARD OF TRADE OF CHICAGO v. JOHNSON, 264 U.S. 1 (1924)

4.2.2 - BUTNER v. UNITED STATES, 440 U.S. 48 (1979)

4.3 - Aftermath: Application to the Bankruptcy Code

4.4 - Practice Problems. Property of the Estate

4.5 - Cases on Mixed Prepetition and Post-Petition Earnings as Property of the Estate

4.5.1 - IN RE BAGEN, 186 B.R. 824 (Bankr S.D.N.Y. 1995)

4.5.2 - TOWERS v. WU, 173 B.R. 411 (9th Cir. BAP 1994)

4.5.3 - SHARP v. DERY, 253 B.R. 204 (E.D. Mich. 2000)

Chapter Five Exemptions

5.1 - Exemptions

5.2 - Practice Problems: Which State’s Exemptions Apply?

5.3 - Electing the State or Federal Exemption Scheme

5.4 - Practice Problems: The Federal Exemptions.

5.5 - Cases on the Allowance of Exemptions

5.5.1 - TAYLOR v. FREELAND & KOONZ, 503 U.S. 638 (1992)

5.5.2 - SCHWAB v. REILLY, 30 S. Ct. 2652 (2010)

5.6 - Exemption Planning

5.7 - Cases on Exemption Planning

5.7.1 - NORWEST BANK NEBRASKA v. OMAR A. TVETEN, 848 F.2d 871 (8th Cir. 1988)

5.8 - Notes on Tveten

5.9 - Avoiding Liens that Impair Exemptions

5.10 - Practice Problems: Avoiding Liens that Impair Exemptions

5.11 - Cases on Avoiding Liens that Impair Exemptions

5.11.1 - FARREY v. SANDERFOOT, 500 U.S. 291 (1991)

Chapter Six The Automatic Stay

6.1 - What is the automatic stay?

6.2 - Practice Problems: The Automatic Stay

6.3 - Cases on Using the Automatic Stay as a Sword

6.3.1 - SPORTFRAME OF OHIO V. WILSON SPORTING GOODS, 40 B.R. 47 (Bankr. N.D. Ohio 1984)

Chapter Seven Operating the Estate

7.1 - The United States Trustee

7.2 - The Case Trustee

7.3 - The Section 341 Meeting

7.4 - No Asset Cases

7.5 - Use, Sale and Lease of Property

7.6 - Practice Problems: Sale of Property

7.7 - Cases on the Sale of Property

7.7.1 - MARATHON PETROLEUM v. COHEN, 599 F.3d 1255 (11th Cir. 2010)

7.8 - Post-Bankruptcy Financing

7.9 - Practice Problems: Post Petition Financing

7.10 - Cases on Post Petition Financing

7.10.1 - IN RE SAYBROOK MFG. CO., INC., 963 F.2d 1490 (11th Cir. 1992)

7.10.2 - READING v. BROWN, 391 U.S. 471 (1968)

7.10.3 - IN RE RESOURCES TECH. CORP., 662 F.3d 472, 474 (7th Cir. 2011)

7.11 - Executory Contracts and Unexpired Leases – Assumption and Rejection

7.12 - Practice Problems: Executory Contracts - Assumption and Rejection

7.13 - Cases on Executory Contracts

7.13.1 - IN RE JAMESWAY CORP., 201 B.R. 73 (Bankr. S.D.N.Y. 1996)

7.13.2 - IN RE GARDINIER, INC., 831 F.2d 974 (11th Cir. 1987)

7.13.3 - IN RE COMPUTER COMMUNICATIONS, INC., 824 F.2d 725 (9th Cir. 1987)

7.13.4 - RIESER v. DAYTON COUNTRY CLUB CO., 972 F.2d 689 (6th Cir 1992)

Chapter Eight Enhancing the Estate

8.1 - Fraudulent Transfers (11 U.S.C. § 548)

8.2 - The Trustee’s State Law Powers (11 U.S.C. § 544(b))

8.3 - Practice Problems – Fraudulent Transfers

8.4 - Cases on Fraudulent Transfers

8.4.1 - BFP v. RESOLUTION TRUST CORP., 511 U.S. 531 (1994)

8.4.2 - ALLARD v. FLAMINGO HILTON, 69 F.3d 769 (6th Cir. 1995)

8.5 - Introduction to Bakersfield Westar

8.6 - Cases on “Property” and Fraudulent transfers

8.6.1 - IN RE BAKERSFIELD WESTAR, INC., 226 B.R. 227 (9th Cir. BAP 1998)

8.7 - The Strong Arm Power (11 U.S.C. § 544(a))

8.8 - Practice Problems: The Strong Arm Power

8.9 - Cases on the Strong Arm Power

8.9.1 - IN RE PROJECT HOMESTEAD, INC., 374 B.R. 193 (Bankr. MD NC 2007)

8.9.2 - IN RE LOUISE CARY MORENO, 293 B.R. 777 (Bankr. D. Col. 2003)

8.10 - Preferences (11 U.S.C. § 547)

8.11 - Practice Problems: The Preference Law

8.12 - Cases on Preferences

8.12.1 - BEIGIER v. IRS, 496 U.S. 53 (1990)

8.12.2 - IN RE CASTILLO, 39 B.R. 45 (Bankr. D. Col. 1984)

8.12.3 - PARKS v. FIA CREDIT SERVICES, N.A., 550 F.3d 1251 (10th Cir. 2008)

8.12.4 - IN RE UNICOM COMPUTER CORP., 13 F.3d 321 (9th Cir. 1994)

8.13 - Preference Defenses – 11 U.S.C. § 547(c)

8.14 - Cases on Preference Defenses

8.14.1 - UNION BANK v. WOLAS, 502 U.S. 151 (1991)

8.14.2 - IN RE TOLANA PIZZA, 3 F.3d 1029 (7th Cir. 1993)

8.15 - Practice Problems: Preference Exceptions

8.16 - Statutory Liens. 11 U.S.C. § 545

8.17 - Setoffs. 11 U.S.C. § 553

8.18 - Practice Problems: Setoff Preferences

8.19 - Cases on Setoffs

8.19.1 - DURHAM v. SMI INDUSTRIES, INC., 882 F.2d 881 (4th Cir. 1989)

8.20 - Statute of Limitations on Avoiding Powers. 11 U.S.C. § 546(a)

8.21 - Relation-back Perfection Rules. 11 U.S.C. § 546(b)

8.22 - Reclamation Rights. 11 U.S.C. § 546(c)

8.23 - Cases on Reclamation Rights

8.23.1 - IN RE ARLCO, INC., 239 B.R. 261 (Bankr. S.D.N.Y. 1999)

8.23.2 - PHAR-MOR v. McKESSON CORP., 534 F.3d 502 (6th Cir. 2008)

8.24 - Recovering Avoided Transfers. 11 U.S.C. § 550

8.25 - Practice Problems: Recovering Avoided Transfers

8.26 - Cases on Recovering Avoided Transfers

8.26.1 - BONDED FIN. SERV., INC., v. EUROPEAN AMERICAN BANK, 838 F.2d 890 (7th Cir. 1988)

8.26.2 - KELLOGG v. BLUE QUAIL ENERGY, 831 F.2d 586 (5th Cir. 1987)

8.27 - Practice Problems: The Debtor’s Avoiding Powers

Chapter Nine Secured Claims in Bankruptcy

9.1 - The Section 506(a) Split

9.2 - Cases on Valuation and the Section 506(a) Split

9.2.1 - ASSOCIATES COMMERCIAL v. RASH, 520 U.S. 953 (1997)

9.2.2 - IN RE BROWN, 746 F.3d 1236 (11th Cir. 2014)

9.3 - Practice Problems: The § 506(a) Split

9.4 - Practice Problems: Post-Petition Interest, Fees, Costs and Charges (11 U.S.C. § 506(b))

9.5 - Cases on Post-Petition Interest under Section 506(b)

9.5.1 - IN RE RESIDENTIAL CAPITAL, INC., 508 B.R. 851 (Bankr. S.D.N.Y. 2014)

9.6 - The Section 506(c) Surcharge

9.7 - Section 506(d) and Striping-down or Striping-Off Liens

9.8 - Cases on Stripping Liens under Section 506(d)

9.8.1 - DEWSNUP v. TIMM, 502 U.S. 410 (1992)

9.9 - Stripping Wholly Unsecured Liens in Chapter 7

9.10 - Redemption. 11 U.S.C. § 722.

9.11 - Debtor’s Treatment of Secured Claims in Chapter 7: Surrender, Redeem or Reinstate – or Maybe “Ride Through.”

9.12 - Post-Petition Effect of Security Interests: Section 552

9.13 - Practice Problems: Floating Liens in Bankruptcy

9.14 - Relief from Stay and Adequate Protection

9.15 - Cases on Relief from Stay

9.15.1 - UNITED SAVINGS v. TIMBERS OF INWOOD FOREST, 484 U.S. 365 (1988)

9.15.2 - BANKERS LIFE INS. CO., v. ALYUCAN INTERSTATE CORP., 12 B.R. 803 (Bankr. D. Utah 1981)

9.15.3 - FORD MOTOR CREDIT CO. v. DOBBINS, 35 F.3d 860 (4th Cir. 1994)

9.16 - Practice Problems: Relief from Stay

Chapter Ten Unsecured Claims in Bankruptcy

10.1 - What is a “Claim”?

10.2 - Cases on Claims and Due Process

10.2.1 - MULLANE v. CENTRAL HANOVER BANK & TRUST CO., 339 U.S. 306 (1950)

10.2.2 - A.H. ROBINS CO. v. GRADY, 839 F.2d 198 (4th Cir. 1988)

10.2.3 - IN RE JOHNS-MANVILLE CORP., 36 B.R. 743 (Bankr. S.D.N.Y. 1984)

10.2.4 - KANE v. MANVILLE, 843 F.2d 636 (2d Cir. 1988)

10.2.5 - EPSTEIN v. PIPER AIRCRAFT, 58 F.3d 1573 (11th Cir. 1995)

10.2.6 - IN RE FAIRCHILD AIRCRAFT CORP., 184 B.R. 910 (Bankr. W.D. Tex. 1995)

10.2.7 - IN RE GROSSMAN’S INC., 607 F.3d 114 (3d Cir. 2010)

10.2.8 - MAIDS INT'L, INC., v. Ward, 194 B.R. 703 (Bankr. D. Mass. 1996)

10.3 - Claim Procedures

10.4 - Practice Problems: Landlord, Employer and Certain Contingent Claims

10.5 - Cases on Claim Estimation and Limitations

10.5.1 - IN RE RADIO-KEITH-ORPHEUM CORP., 106 F.2d 22 (2d Cir. 1939)

10.5.2 - IN RE EL TORO MATERIALS CO., INC., 504 F.3d 978 (9th Cir. 2007)

10.6 - Priority Claims – 11 U.S.C. § 507

10.7 - Practice Problems: Priority Claims

10.8 - Subordination: 11 U.S.C. § 510

10.9 - Abandonment: 11 U.S.C. § 554

10.10 - Cases on Abandonment of Property in Bankruptcy

10.10.1 - MIDLANTIC NAT’L BANK v. NJDEP, 474 U.S. 494 (1986)

10.11 - Distribution to Creditors: 11 U.S.C. § 726

Chapter Eleven The Discharge

11.1 - The Discharge Order

11.2 - Cases on Violation of the Discharge Order

11.2.1 - IN RE ANDRUS, 189 B.R. 413 (N.D. Ill. 1995)

11.3 - Denial of Discharge

11.4 - Cases on Denial of Discharge

11.4.1 - DAVIS v. DAVIS, 911 F.2d 560 (11th Cir. 1990)

11.4.2 - IN RE BAJGAR, 104 F.3d 495 (1st Cir. 1997)

11.5 - Exceptions to Discharge: 11 U.S.C. § 523

11.5.1 - Automatically Non-Dischargeable Debts

11.5.2 - Debts Non-Dischargeable Only On Timely Request of the Creditor

11.6 - Cases on Exceptions to Discharge

11.6.1 - FAHEY v. MASS. DEP’T OF REVENUE, 2015 BL 41157 (1st Cir. 2015)

11.6.2 - BRUNNER v. NEW YORK STATE HIGHER EDUC. SERV. CORP., 831 F.2d 395 (2d Cir. 1987)

11.6.3 - ELLINGSWORTH v. AT&T UNIVERSAL CARD SERV., 212 B.R. 326 (Bankr. W.D. Mo. 1997)

11.6.4 - IN RE SHARPE, 351 B.R. 409 (Bankr. N.D. Tex. 2006)

11.6.5 - ARCHER v. WARNER, 538 U.S. 314 (2003)

11.6.6 - KAWAAUHAU v. GEIGER, 523 U.S. 57 (1998)

11.6.7 - BULLOCK V. BANKCHAMPAIGN, 133 S. Ct. 1754 (2013)

11.7 - Reaffirmation: 11 U.S.C. § 524(c)

11.8 - Practice Problems: Protecting the Discharge.

Chapter Twelve Wage Earner Reorganizations under Chapter 13

12.1 - Introduction

12.2 - Reasons for Filing under Chapter 13

12.3 - The Chapter 13 Process

12.4 - The Chapter 13 Plan Term (and “Commitment Period”).

12.5 - Restructuring Secured Claims in a Chapter 13 Plan

12.6 - Cases on Restructuring Secured Claims in Chapter 13

12.6.1 - TILL v. SCS CREDIT CORP., 541 U.S. 465 (2004)

12.6.2 - NOBELMAN v. AMERICAN SAVINGS BANK, 508 U.S. 324 (1993)

12.6.3 - IN RE POND, 252 F.3d 122 (2d Cir. 2001

12.7 - Question: Is In re Pond Still Good Law?

12.8 - Unsecured Claims in Chapter 13

12.9 - Cases on Unsecured Claims in Chapter 13

12.9.1 - HAMILTON v. LANNING, 560 U.S. 505 (2010)

12.9.2 - IN RE GAMBOA, 538 B.R. 53 (Bankr. S.D. Cal. 2013)

12.10 - Modification

12.11 - Practice Problems: Developing a Chapter 13 Plan

Chapter Thirteen Business Reorganizations under Chapter 11

13.1 - Introduction to Chapter 11 of the Bankruptcy Code

13.2 - The Chapter 11 Process

13.3 - The Exclusivity Period

13.4 - Negotiating a Plan and the Disclosure Statement

13.5 - Classification

13.6 - Voting and Impairment

13.7 - Non-Recourse Debt and the 1111(b) Election

13.8 - Cases on Classifying Claims in Chapter 11 Reorganizations

13.8.1 - IN RE US TRUCK CO., 800 F.2d 581 (6th Cir. 1986)

13.8.2 - IN RE BERNHARD STEINER PIANOS USA, INC., 292 B.R. 109 (Bankr. N.D. Tex. 2002)

13.8.3 - PHOENIX MUT. LIFE v. GREYSTONE III JOINT VENTURE, 995 F.2d 1274 (5th Cir. 1991)

13.8.4 - IN RE SM 104 LTD., 160 B.R. 202 (Bankr. S.D. Fla. 1993)

13.9 - Practice Problems: Classification, Voting and Impairment

13.10 - Confirmation Requirements under 11 U.S.C. § 1129(a)

13.11 - The Cramdown: 11 U.S.C. §1129(b).

13.11.1 - Cramdown of Secured Claims

13.11.2 - Cramdown of Unsecured Claims.

13.12 - Cases on Cramming Down Secured Claims in a Chapter 11 Plan of Reorganization

13.12.1 - IN RE ARNOLD & BAKER FARMS, 85 F.3d 1415 (9th Cir. 1996)

13.12.2 - BANK OF AMERICA v. 203 N. LaSALLE STREET P’SHIP, 526 U.S. 434 (1999)

13.13 - Practice Problems: Confirmation and Cramdown under Chapter 11 (11 U.S.C. § 1129)

13.14 - The Chapter 11 Discharge - 11 U.S.C. § 1141

13.15 - Protecting the Integrity of the Bankruptcy Process

13.16 - Cases on Protecting the Integrity of the Bankruptcy Process

13.16.1 - IN RE LIONEL CORP., 722 F.2d 1063 (2d Cir. 1983)

13.16.2 - IN RE CHRYSLER, 576 F.3d 108 (2d Cir. 2009)

13.16.3 - IN THE MATTER OF KMART CORP., 359 F.3d 866 (7th Cir. 2004)

Chapter Fourteen APPENDIX A: The Fair Debt Collection Practices Act

Chapter Fifteen APPENDIX B: Federal Wage Garnishment Limits

Chapter Sixteen APPENDIX C: New York Exemptions

Chapter Seventeen APPENDIX D: Social Security Act § 207, 42 U.S.C. § 407

Chapter Eighteen APPENDIX E: Uniform Fraudulent Transfer Act, 740 ILCS 160/1 (Illinois)

Chapter Nineteen APPENDIX F: Article 9 of the New York Uniform Commercial Code

Chapter Twenty APPENDIX G: Example of Promissory Note

Chapter Twenty-one APPENDIX H: Example of Security Agreement

Chapter Twenty-two APPENDIX I: Example of UCC-1 Financing Statement

Chapter Twenty-three APPENDIX K: Bankruptcy Code & Selected Provisions of Federal Law

23.1 - CHAPTER 3—CASE ADMINISTRATION

23.1.1 - COMMENCEMENT OF A CASE

23.1.2 - OFFICERS

23.1.3 - ADMINISTRATION

23.1.4 - ADMINISTRATIVE POWERS

23.2 - CHAPTER 5—CREDITORS, THE DEBTOR, AND THE ESTATE

23.2.1 - CREDITORS AND CLAIMS

23.2.2 - DEBTOR'S DUTIES AND BENEFITS

23.2.3 - THE ESTATE

23.3 - CHAPTER 7—LIQUIDATION

23.3.1 - OFFICERS AND ADMINISTRATION

23.3.2 - COLLECTION, LIQUIDATION, AND DISTRIBUTION OF THE ESTATE

23.3.3 - STOCKBROKER LIQUIDATION

23.3.4 - COMMODITY BROKER LIQUIDATION

23.3.5 - CLEARING BANK LIQUIDATION

23.4 - CHAPTER 9—ADJUSTMENT OF DEBTS OF A MUNICIPALITY

23.4.1 - GENERAL PROVISIONS

23.4.2 - ADMINISTRATION

23.4.3 - THE PLAN

23.5 - CHAPTER 11—REORGANIZATION

23.5.1 - OFFICERS AND ADMINISTRATION

23.5.2 - THE PLAN

23.5.3 - POSTCONFIRMATION MATTERS

23.5.4 - RAILROAD REORGANIZATION

23.6 - CHAPTER 12—ADJUSTMENT OF DEBTS OF A FAMILY FARMER OR FISHERMAN WITH REGULAR ANNUAL INCOME

23.6.1 - OFFICERS, ADMINISTRATION, AND THE ESTATE

23.6.2 - THE PLAN

23.7 - CHAPTER 13—ADJUSTMENT OF DEBTS OF AN INDIVIDUAL WITH REGULAR INCOME

23.7.1 - OFFICERS, ADMINISTRATION, AND THE ESTATE

23.7.2 - THE PLAN

23.8 - CHAPTER 15—ANCILLARY AND OTHER CROSS-BORDER CASES

23.8.1 - GENERAL PROVISIONS

23.8.2 - ACCESS OF FOREIGN REPRESENTATIVES AND CREDITORS TO THE COURT

23.8.3 - RECOGNITION OF A FOREIGN PROCEEDING AND RELIEF

23.8.4 - COOPERATION WITH FOREIGN COURTS AND FOREIGN REPRESENTATIVES

23.8.5 - CONCURRENT PROCEEDINGS

23.9 - SELECTED UNITED STATES CODE PROVISIONS

23.9.1 - TITLE 18 - CRIMES AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE

23.9.2 - TITLE 26 – INTERNAL REVENUE CODE

23.9.3 - TITLE 28 – JUDICIARY AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURE